Efficacy of BiFeO\(_{3}\) and Bi\(_{4}\)Ti\(_{3}\)O\(_{12}\) towards photocatalytic degradation of MG and MB dyes: A comparative study under solar irradiation: photocatalytic degradation of dyes

Rasmirekha  PATTANAIK; Rishabh  KAMAL; Debapriya  PRADHAN; Suresh Kumar DASH

doi:10.55713/jmmm.v35i1.2228

Authors

Rasmirekha Department of Chemistry, ITER, Siksha ’O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751030, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1445-0622
Rishabh kamal Department of Chemistry, ITER, Siksha ’O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751030, India https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6589-3253
Debapriya Department of Chemistry, ITER, Siksha ’O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751030, India https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4226-1498
Suresh Kumar DASH Department of Chemistry, ITER, Siksha ’O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751030, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55713/jmmm.v35i1.2228

Keywords:

BiFeO3, Bi4Ti3O12, Dyes, Kinetics, Kinetics and Mechanism

Abstract

Bismuth-based perovskite material has been used as promising photocatalysts for photo catalytic degradation of toxic dyes with tailored crystallites and fine-tuned band gap for superior activity. BiFeO₃ and Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂ were synthesized by a simple sol-gel method and their crystal structure, morphology, and optical property were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, FTIR, EDS and UV–DRS. The XRD pattern exhibits the formation of rhombohedral and orthorhombic phase of bismuth ferrite and bismuth titanate. The study confirms the formation of non-uniform BiFeO₃ and Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂nanoparticles with uniform particle distribution, with band gap energy (E_g) of 2.2 eV and 2.9 eV, respectively, from UV-DRS analyses and Tauc Plot. The study examined the photocatalytic degradation of a prepared catalyst for MG and MB dyes by altering parameters like solution pH, catalyst dose, and agitation time. The results indicated that BiFeO₃exhibited higher degrading efficiency compared to Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂ under similar experimental conditions. BiFeO₃ degraded more than @ 80% of both MG and MB dyes with 0.4 mg∙L^‒¹ within 90 min compared to more than @ 74% for Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂ having 0.6 mg∙L^‒¹ catalyst taken in 20 mL of 20 ppm dye concentration in 60 min with prevailing parameter conditions. The higher efficacy of BiFeO₃may be contributed to the E_g that makes the catalyst more active under solar spectrum. The degradation mechanism involved photoinduced electron/hole pairs producing active radical species, with kinetics following a pseudo-first order rate and photocatalyst stability studied through five continuous runs. The study found that BiFeO₃ outperforms Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂ in reducing cationic dyes and suggests them as potential waste water treatment alternatives.

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Author Biographies

Rasmirekha, Department of Chemistry, ITER, Siksha ’O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751030, India

Junior reseacrch scholar ,Department of Chemistry, ITER.

Rishabh kamal, Department of Chemistry, ITER, Siksha ’O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751030, India

Department of chemistry,,ITER, Junior research scholar

Debapriya, Department of Chemistry, ITER, Siksha ’O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751030, India

Department of chemistry,ITER

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