A holistic review on the synthesis techniques of spinel structured lithium cobalt manganese tetroxide

Chee Wayne TAN; Zul Hilmi CHE DAUD; Zainab ASUS; Mohd Hasbullah IDRIS; Izhari Izmi MAZALI; Mohd Ibthisham ARDANI; Mohd Kameil ABDUL HAMID

doi:10.55713/jmmm.v32i4.1528

Authors

Chee Wayne TAN School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
Zul Hilmi CHE DAUD Automotive Development Centre, School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
Zainab ASUS Automotive Development Centre, School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
Mohd Hasbullah IDRIS School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
Izhari Izmi MAZALI School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
Mohd Ibthisham ARDANI School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
Mohd Kameil ABDUL HAMID Automotive Development Centre, School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55713/jmmm.v32i4.1528

Keywords:

LiCoMnO4 cathode, solid-state, sol-gel, flux, hydrothermal

Abstract

Spinel structured lithium cobalt manganese tetroxide (LiCoMnO₄) which exhibit unrivalled reduction potential of 5.3V (vs. Li⁰ | Li⁺) was identified to be one of the potential cathode candidates for next generation lithium-ion batteries offering high voltage output and energy density. The focal point of this article is to holistically review relevant techniques established for the synthesis of LiCoMnO₄ compound, particularly solid-state reaction, sol-gel synthesis, flux method and hydrothermal technology. Electrochemical performances of lithium cobalt manganese tetroxide (LiCoMnO₄) synthesised via the four distinctive approaches as well as the critical process parameters will be compared and scrutinised. Adversities associated with deoxygenation in the course of synthesis process at high temperature and proposed countermeasure via fluorine-substitution will also be discussed.

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