Developments of biodegradable polymer based on polylactic acid (PLA) with natural color extracts for packaging film applications

Authors

  • Worraphol NANSU Biopolymer group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
  • Passarawan CHAIWUT Biopolymer group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
  • Sukunya ROSS Biopolymer group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
  • Gareth ROSS Biopolymer group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
  • Nungruthai SUPHROM Biopolymer group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
  • Sararat MAHASARANON Biopolymer group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55713/jmmm.v31i3.1147

Keywords:

Roselle calyx, Sappan heartwood, PLA, biodegradable packaging films

Abstract

This research was interested in the use of natural colorants to replace hazardous synthetic pigments in the plastic polymer industry. The natural colors were selected from local plants indigenous to southeast Asia, which were Hibiscus sabdariffa roselle calyx (RS) and Caesapinia sappan Linn heartwood (SP). Natural colorant extracts were used as additives in poly(lactic acid ) (PLA). These were manufactured using a twin screws extruder and blow film extruder to obtain biodegradable thin films for use as packaging materials. Biodegradable films were characterized by color index, light barrier properties, water vapor transmission (WVTR), morphology, mechanical and chemical properties. The results showed high compatibility between PLA and natural color extracts confirmed via SEM morphology. Moreover, the films have the colors associated with the added RS and SP extracts, with a pink tone for the RS film and a yellow-orange tone for the SP film. Films incorporated with the extracts also possessed improved light barrier properties, which were reduced from 98.66% to 78.00% in the UV-A region and 99.33% to 90.00% in the visible region. Water vapor transmission rate was also decreased with incorporation of SP from 4.02 g⋅m-2*day to 2.98 g⋅m-2*day at 7 days and RS 1.66 g⋅m-2*day to 1.59 g⋅m-2*day at 14 days. Moreover, films containing the natural color extracts had higher tensile strength and tensile modulus than pure PLA films. These properties improvement confirm that these extracts are suitable for producing biodegradable packaging thin films. 

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

S. Sonjan, G. M. Ross, S. Mahasaranon, B. Sinkangam, S. Intanon, and S. Ross, “Biodegradable hydrophilic film of crosslinked pva/silk sericin for seed coating: the effect of crosslinker loading and polymer concentration,” Journal of Polymers and the Environment, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 323-334, 2021.

K. Marsh and B. Bugusu, “Food packaging - Roles, materials, and environmental issues: Scientific status summary,” Journal of Food Science, vol. 72, no. 3, pp. R39-R55, 2007.

S. Ross, S. Mahasaranon, and G. M. Ross, “Ternary polymer blends based on poly(lactic acid): Effect of stereo-regularity and molecular weight,” Journal of Applied Polymer Science, vol. 132, no. 14, pp. 1-8, 2015.

S. Ross, P. D. Topham, and B. J. Tighe, “Identification of optically clear regions of ternary polymer blends using a novel rapid screening method,” Polymer International, vol. 63, no. 1, pp. 44-51, 2014.

N. Tuancharoensri, G. M. Ross, S. Mahasaranon, P. D. Topham, and S. Ross, “Ternary blend nanofibres of poly(lactic acid), polycaprolactone and cellulose acetate butyrate for skin tissue scaffolds: influence of blend ratio and polycaprolactone molecular mass on miscibility, morphology, crystallinity and thermal properties,” Polymer International, vol. 66, no. 11, pp. 1463-1472, 2017.

N. Suaduang, S. Ross, G. M. Ross, S. Pratumshat, and S. Mahasaranon, “Effect of spent coffee grounds filler on the physical and mechanical properties of poly(lactic acid) bio-composite films,” Materials Today Proceedings, vol. 17, pp. 2104-2110, 2019.

M. Shahid, Shahid-Ul-Islam, and F. Mohammad, “Recent advancements in natural dye applications: A review,” Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 53, pp. 310-331, 2013.

I. Jabeur, E. Pereira, L. Barros, R. C. Calhelha, M. Sokovic, M. B. P. P. Oliveira, and I. C. F. R. Ferreira, “Hibiscus sabdariffa L. as a source of nutrients, bioactive compounds and colouring agents,” Food Research International, vol. 100, no. Part 1, pp. 717-723, 2017.

A. F. Vinha, F. Rodrigues, M. A. Nunes, and M. B. P. P. Oliveira, 11 - Natural pigments and colorants in foods and beverages. Elsevier Inc., 2018.

S. Girdthep, J. Sirirak, D. Daranarong, R. Daengngern, and S. Chayabutra, “Physico-chemical characterization of natural lake pigments obtained from Caesalpinia Sappan Linn. and their composite films for poly(lactic acid)-based packaging materials,” Dyes and Pigments, vol. 157, no. April, pp. 27-39, 2018.

X. Zhai, J. Shi, X. Zou, S. Wang, C. Jinag, J. Zhang, X. Huang, W. Zhang, and M. Holmes, “Novel colorimetric films based on starch/polyvinyl alcohol incorporated with roselle anthocyanins for fish freshness monitoring,” Food Hydrocolloids, vol. 69, pp. 308-317, 2017.

S. Kang, H. Wang, L. Xia, M. Chen, L. Li, J. Cheng, X. Li, and S. Jiang, “Colorimetric film based on polyvinyl alcohol/okra mucilage polysaccharide incorporated with rose anthocyanins for shrimp freshness monitoring,” Carbohydrate Polymers, vol. 229, no. September 2019, 2020.

J. Zhang, X. Zou, X. Zhai, X. W. Huang, C. Jiang, and M. Holmes, “Preparation of an intelligent pH film based on biodegradable polymers and roselle anthocyanins for monitoring pork freshness,” Food Chemistry, vol. 272, no. August 2018, pp. 306-312, 2019.

A. Ananga, V. Georgiev, J. Ochieng, B. Phills, and V. Tsolova, “The Mediterranean Genetic Code - Grapevine and Olive,” Mediterr. Genet. Code - Grapevine Olive, no. December 2016, 2013.

J. Yan-yan, Li. Yan, S. Ying, Z. Jinyi, D. Fang, S. Yuan, W. Ai-dong, “A simple high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of brazilin and its application to a pharmacokinetic study in rats,” Journal of Ethnopharmacology, vol. 151, no. 1, pp. 108-113, 2014.

J. Zhang, X. Zou, X. Zhai, X. Huang, C. Jiang, and M. Holmes, “Preparation of an intelligent pH film based on biodegradable polymers and roselle anthocyanins for monitoring pork freshness,” Food Chemistry, vol. 272, no. April 2018, pp. 306-312, 2019.

P. Chumsri, A. Sirichote, and A. Itharat, “Studies on the optimum conditions for the extraction and concentration of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn.) extract,” Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology, vol. 30, no. SUPPL. 1, pp. 133-139, 2008.

N. Suaduang, S. Ross, G. M. Ross, S. Pratumshat, and S. Mahasaranon, “The Physical and Mechanical Properties of Biocomposite Films Composed of Poly(Lactic Acid) with Spent Coffee Grounds Nattawut,” Key Engineering Materials, vol. 824, pp. 87–93, 2019.

P. Rachtanapun, S. Luangkamin, K. Tanprasert, and R. Suriyatem, “Carboxymethyl cellulose film from durian rind,” LWT – Journal of Food Science and Technology, vol. 48, no. 1. pp. 52-58, 2012.

J. W. Rhim, S. I. Hong, and C. S. Ha, “Tensile, water vapor barrier and antimicrobial properties of PLA/nanoclay composite films,” LWT –Journal of Food Science and Technology, vol. 42, no. 2, pp. 612-617, 2009.

L. Zhang, C. Huang, Y. Xu, H. Huang, H. Zhao, J. Wang, and S. Wang, “Synthesis and characterization of antibacterial polylactic acid film incorporated with cinnamaldehyde inclusions for fruit packaging,” International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, vol. 164, pp. 4547-4555, 2020.

P. Suwanamornlert, N. Kerddonfag, A. Sane, W. Chinsirikul, W. Zhou, and V. Chonhenchob, “Poly(lactic acid)/poly (butylene- succinate-co-adipate) (PLA/PBSA) blend films containing thymol as alternative to synthetic preservatives for active packaging of bread,” Food Packaging and Shelf Life, vol. 25, no. December 2019, p. 100515, 2020.

S. Fehri, P. Cinelli, M.-B. Coltelli, I. Anguillesi, and A. Lazzeri, “Thermal properties of plasticized poly (lactic acid) (PLA) containing nucleating agent,” International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Applications, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 85-88, 2016.

T. Panrong, T. Karbowiak, and N. Harnkarnsujarit, “Thermoplastic starch and green tea blends with LLDPE films for active packaging of meat and oil-based products,” Food Packaging and Shelf Life, vol. 21, no. May, p. 100331, 2019.

A. Nanni, and M. Messori, “Thermo-mechanical properties and creep modelling of wine lees filled Polyamide 11 (PA11) and Polybutylene succinate (PBS) bio-composites,” Composites Science Technology, vol. 188, no. September 2019, pp. 1-10, 2020.

N. P. Nirmal, M. S. Rajput, R. G. S. V. Prasad, and M. Ahmad, “Brazilin from Caesalpinia sappan heartwood and its pharmacological activities: A review,” Asian Pacific Journal Tropical Medicine, vol. 8, no. 6, pp. 421-430, 2015.

J. Liu, H. Yong, Y. Liu, Y. Qin, J. Kan, and J. Liu, “Preparation and characterization of active and intelligent films based on fish gelatin and haskap berries (Lonicera caerulea L.) extract,” Food Packaging and Shelf Life, vol. 22, no. July, p. 100417, 2019.

D. Hu, H. Wang, and L. Wang, “Physical properties and antibacterial activity of quaternized chitosan/carboxymethyl cellulose blend films,” LWT - Food Science and Technology, vol. 65. pp. 398-405, 2016.

Z. A. N. Hanani, F. C. Yee, and M. A. R. Nor-Khaizura, “Effect of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) peel powder on the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of fish gelatin films as active packaging,” Food Hydrocolloids, vol. 89, no. June 2018, pp. 253-259, 2019.

F. A. dos Santos, G. C. V. Iulianelli, and M. I. B. Tavares, “Effect of microcrystalline and nanocrystals cellulose fillers in materials based on PLA matrix,” Polymer Testing, vol. 61, pp. 280-288, 2017.

T. Liang, G. Sun, L. Cao, J. Li, and L. Wang, “A pH and NH3 sensing intelligent film based on Artemisia sphaerocephala Krasch. gum and red cabbage anthocyanins anchored by carboxymethyl cellulose sodium added as a host complex,” Food Hydrocolloids, vol. 87, no. July 2018, pp. 858-868, 2019.

X. Cao, A. Mohamed, S. H. Gordon, J. L. Willett, and D. J. Sessa, “DSC study of biodegradable poly(lactic acid) and poly(hydroxy ester ether) blends,” Thermochimica Acta, vol. 406, no. 1-2, pp. 115-127, 2003.

Downloads

Published

2021-09-28

How to Cite

[1]
W. NANSU, P. CHAIWUT, S. ROSS, G. ROSS, N. SUPHROM, and S. MAHASARANON, “Developments of biodegradable polymer based on polylactic acid (PLA) with natural color extracts for packaging film applications”, J Met Mater Miner, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 127–133, Sep. 2021.

Issue

Section

Original Research Articles