Influence of graphite feedstock on the characteristics of silver-decorated graphene oxide and antimicrobial property
Keywords:
Graphite sources, Silver-graphene oxide composite, Antimicrobial, NanoparticlesAbstract
Graphite from different sources has significant influence on the properties of graphene oxide (GO) and reactivity of GO towards further modification with other nanoparticles. However, such effect has not yet been properly explored. This study aims to investigate the characteristics and antimicrobial property of GO decorated with silver nanoparticles (known as Ag-GO composite) where the GO is synthesized via modified Hummer’s method from various graphite feedstock, namely natural graphite flake (NGF), natural graphite powder (NGP), and synthetic graphite powder (SGP). The Ag-GO nanocomposite was then synthesized using chemical reduction methods. Antimicrobial properties of the Ag-GO were tested using the standard Kirby–Bauer antibiotic testing method with E. coli bacteria. Results showed that Ag-GO made from NGP has a smaller size and Ag nanoparticles (2 nm to 4 nm) were better distributed, and possessed better antimicrobial property. This phenomenon can be attributed to the higher number of functional groups on GO-NGP that can act as anchor sites for the nucleation of smaller-sized and well-dispersed Ag nanoparticles. It shows the significance of choosing the right graphite source where researchers can utilize to control the extent of decoration or coating of other nanoparticles on the synthesized GO to obtain the characteristics desired.
Downloads
References
E. Mahmoudi, L. Y. Ng, W. L. Ang, Y. H. Teow, and A. W. Mohammad, "Improving membrane bioreactor performance through the synergistic effect of silver-decorated graphene oxide in composite membranes," Journal of Water Process Engineering, vol. 34, p. 101169, 2020.
A. Nguyen, L. Zou, and C. Priest, "Evaluating the antifouling effects of silver nanoparticles regenerated by TiO2 on forward osmosis membrane," Journal of Membrane Science, vol. 454, pp. 264-271, 2014.
D. R. Dreyer, S. Park, C. W. Bielawski, and R. S. Ruoff, "The chemistry of graphene oxide," Chemical Society Reviews, vol. 39, pp. 228-240, 2010.
A. Dufresne, "19 - Cellulose-based composites and nanocomposites," in Monomers, Polymers and Composites from Renewable Resources, ed Elsevier, 2008, pp. 401-418.
E. Mahmoudi, W. L. Ang, C. Y. Ng, L. Y. Ng, A. W. Mohammad, and A. Benamor, "Distinguishing characteristics and usability of graphene oxide based on different sources of graphite feedstock," Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, vol. 542, pp. 429-440, 2019.
D. R. Dreyer, R. S. Ruoff, and C. W. Bielawski, "From conception to realization: An historial account of graphene and some perspectives for its future," Angewandte Chemie - International Edition, vol. 49, pp. 9336-9344, 2010.
D. C. Marcano, D. V. Kosynkin, J. M. Berlin, A. Sinitskii, Z. Sun, A. Slesarev, L. B. Alemany, W. Lu, and J. M. Tour, "Improved synthesis of graphene oxide," ACS Nano, vol. 4, pp. 4806-4814, 2010.
C. N. R. Rao, K. S. Subrahmanyam, H. S. S. R. Matte, and A. Govindaraj, "Graphene: Synthesis, functionalization and properties," Modern Physics Letters B, vol. 25, pp. 427-451, 2011.
V. Georgakilas, M. Otyepka, A. B. Bourlinos, V. Chandra, N. Kim, K. C. Kemp, P. Hobza, R. Zboril, and K. S. Kim, "Functionalization of graphene: Covalent and non-covalent approaches, derivatives and applications," Chemical Reviews, vol. 112, pp. 6156-6214, 2012.
S. Pipattanachat, J. Qin, D. Rokaya, P. Thanyasrisung, and V. Srimaneepong, "Biofilm inhibition and bactericidal activity of NiTi alloy coated with graphene oxide/silver nanoparticles via electrophoretic deposition," Scientific Reports, vol. 11, pp. 1-9, 2021.
D. Rokaya, V. Srimaneepong, J. Qin, P. Thunyakitpisal, and K. Siraleartmukul, "Surface adhesion properties and cytotoxicity of graphene oxide coatings and graphene oxide/silver nanocomposite coatings on biomedical NiTi alloy," Science of Advance Material, vol. 11, pp. 1474-1487, 2019.
J. Jin, R. Rafiq, Y. Q. Gill, and M. Song, "Preparation and characterization of high performance of graphene/nylon nanocomposites," European Polymer Journal, vol. 49, pp. 2617-2626, 2013.
C. Zhao, X. Xu, J. Chen, G. Wang, and F. Yang, "Highly effective antifouling performance of PVDF/graphene oxide composite membrane in membrane bioreactor (MBR) system," Desalination, vol. 340, pp. 59-66, 2014.
X. R. Li, J. J. Xu, and H. Y. Chen, "12 - Chemical modification of graphene," in Graphene Science Handbook, ed Routledge: CRC Press, 2016, pp. 207-223.
H. Ahmad, M. Fan, and D. Hui, "Graphene oxide incorporated functional materials: A review," Composites Part B: Engineering, vol. 145, pp. 270-280, 2018.
M. A. Ashraf, W. Peng, Y. Zare, and K. Y. Rhee, "Effects of size and aggregation/agglomeration of nanoparticles on the interfacial/ interphase properties and tensile strength of polymer nano-composites," Nanoscale Research Letters, vol. 13, p. 214, 2018.
L. Jiang, J. Yun, Y. Wang, H. Yang, Z. Xu, and Z. L. Xu, "High-flux, anti-fouling dendrimer grafted PAN membrane: Fabrication, performance and mechanisms," Journal of Membrane Science, vol. 596, p. 117743, 2020.
M. Golpour, and M. Pakizeh, "Preparation and characterization of new PA-MOF/PPSU-GO membrane for the separation of KHI from water," Chemical Engineering Journal, vol. 345, pp. 221-232, 2018.
Q. Bao, D. Zhang, and P. Qi, "Synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticle and graphene oxide nanosheet composites as a bactericidal agent for water disinfection," Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, vol. 360, pp. 463-470, 2011.
S. Kim, B. Tserengombo, S. H. Choi, J. Noh, S. Huh, B. Choi, H. Chung, J. Kim, and H. Jeong, "Experimental investigation of dispersion characteristics and thermal conductivity of various surfactants on carbon based nanomaterial," International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, vol. 91, pp. 95-102, 2018.
W. Kiciński, and S. Dyjak, "Transition metal impurities in carbon-based materials: Pitfalls, artifacts and deleterious effects," Carbon, vol. 168, pp. 748-845, 2020.
B. F. Abu-Sharkh, and H. Hamid, "Degradation study of date palm fibre/polypropylene composites in natural and artificial weathering: mechanical and thermal analysis," Polymer Degradation and Stability, vol. 85, pp. 967-973, 2004.
L. Y. Ng, A. W. Mohammad, C. P. Leo, and N. Hilal, "Polymeric membranes incorporated with metal/metal oxide nanoparticles: A comprehensive review," Desalination, vol. 308, pp. 15-33, 2013.
J. Yang, C. Zang, L. Sun, N. Zhao, and X. Cheng, "Synthesis of graphene/Ag nanocomposite with good dispersibility and electroconductivity via solvothermal method," Materials Chemistry and Physics, vol. 129, pp. 270-274, 2011.
Q. Bao, D. Zhang, and P. Qi, "Synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticle and graphene oxide nanosheet composites as a bactericidal agent for water disinfection," Journal of Colloid Interface Science, vol. 360, pp. 463-470, 2011.
S. V. Kumar, N. M. Huang, H. N. Lim, A. R. Marlinda, I. Harrison, and C. H. Chia, "One-step size-controlled synthesis of functional graphene oxide/silver nanocomposites at room temperature," Chemical Engineering Journal, vol. 219, pp. 217-224, 2013.
M. R. Das, R. K. Sarma, R. Saikia, V. S. Kale, M. V. Shelke, and P. Sengupta, "Synthesis of silver nanoparticles in an aqueous suspension of graphene oxide sheets and its antimicrobial activity," Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, vol. 83, pp. 16-22, 2011.
B. Yang, Z. Liu, Z. Guo, W. Zhang, M. Wan, X. Qin, and H. Zhong, "In situ green synthesis of silver–graphene oxide nanocomposites by using tryptophan as a reducing and stabilizing agent and their application in SERS," Applied Surface Science, vol. 316, pp. 22-27, 2014.
G. Moon, H. Kim, Y. Shin, and W. Choi, "Chemical-free growth of metal nanoparticles on graphene oxide sheets under visible light irradiation," RSC Advances, vol. 2, pp. 2205-2207, 2012.
V. G. Watson, Decoration of graphene oxide with silver nanoparticles and controlling the silver nanoparticle loading on graphene. University of Dayton, 2014.
I. M. Daniel, and O. Ishai, Engineering mechanics of composite materials. New York: Oxford University Press, 2006.
J. Ma, J. Zhang, Z. Xiong, and Y. Yong, "Preparation, characterization and antibacterial properties of silver-modified graphene oxide," Journal of Materials Chemistry, vol. 21, pp. 3350-3352, 2011.
N. T. Huong, N. M. Dat, D. B. Thinh, T. N. Minh Anh, D. M. Nguyet, T. H. Quan, P. N. Bao Long, H. M. Nam, M. T. Phong, and N. H. Hieu, "Optimization of the antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles-decorated graphene oxide nanocomposites," Synthetic Metals, vol. 268, p. 116492, 2020.
Y. Xie, Y. Li, L. Niu, H. Wang, H. Qian, and W. Yao, "A novel surface-enhanced Raman scattering sensor to detect prohibited colorants in food by graphene/silver nanocomposite," Talanta, vol. 100, pp. 32-37, 2012.
A. N. Sidorov, G. W. Sławiński, A. H. Jayatissa, F. P. Zamborini, and G. U. Sumanasekera, "A surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy study of thin graphene sheets functionalized with gold and silver nanostructures by seed-mediated growth," Carbon, vol. 50, pp. 699-705, 2012.
W. X. Wang, S. H. Liang, T. Yu, D. H. Li, Y. B. Li, and X. F. Han, "The study of interaction between graphene and metals by Raman spectroscopy," Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 109, p. 07C501, 2010.
G. Sobon, J. Sotor, J. Jagiello, R. Kozinski, M. Zdrojek, M. Holdynski, P. Paletko, J. Boguslawski, L. Lipinska, and K. M. Abramski, "Graphene oxide vs reduced graphene oxide as saturable absorbers for er-doped passively mode-locked fiber laser," Optics Express, vol. 20, pp. 19463-19473, 2012.
L. Tao, Y. Lou, Y. Zhao, M. Hao, Y. Yang, Y. Xiao, Y. H. Tsang, and J. Li, "Silver nanoparticle-decorated graphene oxide for surface-enhanced Raman scattering detection and optical limiting applications," Journal of Materials Science, vol. 53, pp. 573-580, 2018.
X. Zhou, X. Huang, X. Qi, S. Wu, C. Xue, F. Y. C. Boey, Q. Yan, P. Chen, and H. Zhang, "In situ synthesis of metal nanoparticles on single-layer graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide surfaces," The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, vol. 113, pp. 10842-10846, 2009.
L. Hu, Y. J. Liu, Y. Han, P. Chen, C. Zhang, C. Li, Z. Lu, D. Luo, and S. Jiang, "Graphene oxide-decorated silver dendrites for high-performance surface-enhanced Raman scattering applications," Journal of Materials Chemistry C, vol. 5, pp. 3908-3915, 2017.
J. Prakash Singh, T. Nandi, and S. Kumar Ghosh, "Structure-property relationship of silver decorated functionalized reduced graphene oxide based nanofluids: Optical and thermophysical aspects and applications," Applied Surface Science, vol. 542, p. 148410, 2021.
S. Li, Y. Shen, A. Xie, X. Yu, L. Qiu, L. Zhang, and Q. Zhang, "Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Capsicum annuum L. extract," Green Chemistry, vol. 9, pp. 852-858, 2007.
M. Cobos, I. De-La-Pinta, G. Quindós, M. J. Fernández, and M. D. Fernández, "Graphene oxide–silver nanoparticle nanohybrids: Synthesis, characterization, and antimicrobial properties," Nanomaterials, vol. 10, p. 376, 2020.
Y. Li, M. Liao, and J. Zhou, "Catechol and its derivatives adhesion on graphene: Insights from molecular dynamics simulations," The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, vol. 122, pp. 22965-22974, 2018.
J. Lu, J. J. Bravo-Suárez, A. Takahashi, M. Haruta, and S. T. Oyama, "In situ UV–vis studies of the effect of particle size on the epoxidation of ethylene and propylene on supported silver catalysts with molecular oxygen," Journal of Catalysis, vol. 232, pp. 85-95, 2005.
W. Haiss, N. T. K. Thanh, J. Aveyard, and D. G. Fernig, "Determination of size and concentration of gold nanoparticles from UV−Vis spectra," Analytical Chemistry, vol. 79, pp. 4215-4221, 2007.
A. Salleh, R. Naomi, N. D. Utami, A. W. Mohammad, E. Mahmoudi, N. Mustafa, and M. B. Fauzi, "The potential of silver nanoparticles for antiviral and antibacterial applications: A mechanism of action," Nanomaterials, vol. 10, pp. 1-20, 2020.
Y. Jiang, J. L. Gong, G. M. Zeng, X. M. Ou, Y. N. Chang, C. H. Deng, J. Zhang, H. Y. Liu, and S. Y. Huang, "Magnetic chitosan-graphene oxide composite for anti-microbial and dye removal applications," International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, vol. 82, pp. 702-710, 2016.
S. Kar, B. Bagchi, B. Kundu, S. Bhandary, R. Basu, P. Nandy, and S. Das, "Synthesis and characterization of Cu/Ag nanoparticle loaded mullite nanocomposite system: A potential candidate for antimicrobial and therapeutic applications," Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects, vol. 1840, pp. 3264-3276, 2014.
I. Sondi, and B. Salopek-Sondi, "Silver nanoparticles as antimicrobial agent: a case study on E. coli as a model for Gram-negative bacteria," Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, vol. 275, pp. 177-182, 2004.
H. Park, J. Y. Kim, J. Kim, J. Lee, J.-S. Hahn, M. B. Gu, and J. Yoon, "Silver-ion-mediated reactive oxygen species generation affecting bactericidal activity," Water Research, vol. 43, pp. 1027-1032, 2009.
X.-F. Sun, J. Qin, P.-F. Xia, B.-B. Guo, C.-M. Yang, C. Song, and S.-G. Wang, "Graphene oxide–silver nanoparticle membrane for biofouling control and water purification," Chemical Engineering Journal, vol. 281, pp. 53-59, 2015.
A. K. Potbhare, M. S. Umekar, P. B. Chouke, M. B. Bagade, S. K. Tarik Aziz, A. A. Abdala, and R.G. Chaudhary, "Bioinspired graphene-based silver nanoparticles: Fabrication, characterization and antibacterial activity," Materials Today Proceeding, vol. 29, pp. 720-725, 2020.
L. Ma, Z. Zhu, M. Su, L. Ma, D. Liu, and Z. Wang, "Preparation of graphene oxide–silver nanoparticle nanohybrids with highly antibacterial capability," Talanta, vol. 117, pp. 449-455, 2013.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
