Processing and properties of palm oil-based rigid polyurethane foam

Authors

  • Saowaroj Chuayjuljit Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University
  • Tarasai Sangpakdee Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University
  • Onusa Saravari Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University

Keywords:

palm oil, polyol, polyurethane foam

Abstract

Rigid polyurethane (PU) foam has been prepared from palm oil-derived polyol. The polyol was synthesized by transesterification reaction of palm oil and pentaerythritol using calcium oxide as a catalyst. The obtained palm oil-based polyol was reacted with commercial polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate in the presence of water (blowing agent), N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine (catalyst) and polydimethylsiloxane (surfactant) to produce rigid PU foam. The effects of the amount of the catalyst and surfactant on foam properties (i.e. density, compressive strength and thermal behaviors) were studied. It was found that the density of the foams decreased whereas the compressive strength increased with the increasing amount of catalyst and that they were in the range of 38.7-59.0 kg/m3 and 193.6-268.4 kPa, respectively, while an increased amount of surfactant showed negligible effect on these two properties. Furthermore, TGA revealed that the degradation temperature of the prepared foams was about 377°C. Moreover, scanning electron micrographs showed that the cells of the obtained PU foams were closed cells. In addition, the foams were found to have higher number of cells as the concentration of catalyst increased, while the uniformity of cells increased with increasing amount of surfactant.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Chian, K.S. and Gan, L.H. 1998. Development of a rigid Polyurethane Foam from palm oil. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 68 : 509.

Demharter, A. 1998. Polyurethane Rigid Foam, a Proven Thermal Insulating Material for Applications between +130°C and -196°C. Cryogenics. 38 : 113.

John, J., Bhattachaiya, M. and Turner, R. B. 2002. Characterization of Polyurethane Foams from Soybean oil. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 86 : 3097.

Kacperski, M. and Spaychaj, T. 1999. Rigid Polyurethane Foams with Poly(ethylene terephthalate)/Triethanolamine Recycling Products. Polym. Adv. Technol. 10 : 620.

Maznee, T. I., Norin, Z. K. S., Ooi, T. L., Salmiah, A. and Gan, L. H. 2001. Effects of Additives on Palm-Based Polyurethane Foams. J. Oil Palm Res. 13 : 7.

Norin, Z. K. S., Ooi, T. L. and Salmiah, A. 2004. Effect of Triethanolamine on the Properties of Palm-Based Flexible Polyurethane Foams. J. Oil Palm Res. 16 : 66.

Oertel, G. 1994. Polyurethane Handbook. 2nd ed. Hanser : Munich.

Pentrakoon, D. and Ellis, J. W. 2005. An Introduction to Plastic Foams. Bangkok : Chulalongkorn University Press.

Salmiah, A. 2001. Palm-based polyol and polyurethanes. MPOB Technology. 24 : 29.

Seo, W. J., Jung, H. C., Hyun, J. C., Kim, W. N., Lee, Y. B., Choe, K. H. and Kim, S. B. 2003. Mechanical, morphological, and thermal properties of rigid polyurethane foams blown by distilled water. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 90 : 12.

Woods, G. 1990. The ICI Polyurethanes Book. 2nd ed. New York : Wiley.

Downloads

Published

2017-04-23

How to Cite

[1]
S. . Chuayjuljit, T. . Sangpakdee, and O. Saravari, “Processing and properties of palm oil-based rigid polyurethane foam”, J Met Mater Miner, vol. 17, no. 1, Apr. 2017.

Issue

Section

Original Research Articles

Most read articles by the same author(s)

1 2 > >>