Development of chemically grafted multiwall carbon nanotube onto cellulose fiber sheet and polyurethane based resin composite for an active paper
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55713/jmmm.v31i2.1075Keywords:
Cellulose, Carbon nanotube, Conductive composite materialsAbstract
Cellulose fibers (CFs) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were successfully developed on polyurethane substrate as a flexible composite paper. With small amount of CNTs, the composite was prepared by a suction filtration method. The existence of CNT additive in cellulose matrix was investigated based on the correlation of mechanical properties, thermal stability, and electrical properties. Although the highly transparent cellulose sheets impregnated with polyurethane were successfully fabricated, the low transmittance was obtained as the increasing of CNT additive. However, the dielectric properties of composite were enhanced with an addition of CNTs in the composite paper. The electrical conductivity was increased from the insulator to 4.91 10-4 Scm-1 at small amount of CNTs of 5 wt%. In addition, the minimal amount of CNTs of 1.5% showed the transmittance of 35%, adequate dielectric constant, and the conductivity of 5.59 × 10-7 Scm-1. The role of CNTs with well distribution presents as a polar cluster of well-defined electrically charge in cellulose composite.
Downloads
References
C. Johansson, J. Bras, I. Mondragon, P. Nechita, D. Plackett, P. Šimon, D. G. Svetec, S. Virtanen, M. G. Baschetti, C. Breen, F. Clegg, and S. Aucejo, “Renewable fibers and bio-based materials for packaging applications – a review of recent developments,” BioResources, vol. 7(2), pp. 2506-2552, 2012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.7.2.2506-2552
M. M. Reddy, S. Vivekanandhan, M. Misra, S. K. Bhatia, and A. K. Mohanty,“Biobased plastics and bionanocomposites: Current status and future opportunities,” Progree in Polymer Science, vol. 38(10-11), pp. 1653-1689, 2013. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2013.05.006
N. Saba, P. M. Tahir, and M. Jawaid, “A review on potentiality of nano filler/natural fiber filled polymer hybrid composites,” Polymers (Basel), vol. 6(8), pp. 2247-2273, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/polym6082247
A. Malik, and B. Kandasubramanian, “Flexible polymeric substrates for electronic applications,” Polymer Reviews, vol. 58(4), pp. 630-667, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15583724.2018.1473424
R. Sabo, A. Yermakov, C. T. Law, and R. Elhajjar, “Nano-cellulose-enabled electronics, energy harvesting devices, smart materials and sensors: A review,” Journal of Renewable Materials, vol. 4(5), pp. 297-312, 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7569/JRM.2016.634114
S. Agate, M. Joyce, L. Lucia, and L. Pal, “Cellulose and nanocellulose-based flexible-hybrid printed electronics and conductive composites – A review,” Carbohydrate Polymer, vol. 198, pp. 249-260, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.06.045
S. Li, and P. S. Lee, “Development and applications of transparent conductive nanocellulose paper,” Science and Technology of Advanced Materials, vol. 18(1), pp. 620-633, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14686996.2017.1364976
S. Ummartyotin, and H. Manuspiya, “An overview of feasibilities and challenge of conductive cellulose for rechargeable lithium based battery,” Reneable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 50, pp. 204-213, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.05.014
J. Jose, V. Thomas, V. Vinod, R. Abraham, and S. Abraham, “Nanocellulose based functional materials for supercapacitor applications,” Journal of Science Advanced Materials and Devices, vol. 4(3), 333-340, 2019, p. 386. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsamd.2019.06.003
H. Peng, X. Sun, W. Weng, and X. Fang, Polymer Materials for Energy and Electronic Applications. Elsevier, 1st Ed, 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-811091-1.00001-X
Y. Zhou, C. Fuentes-Hernandez, T. M. Khan, J-C. Liu, J. Hsu. J. W. Shim, A. Dindar, J. P. Youngblood, R. J. Moon, and B. Kippelen, “Recyclable organic solar cells on cellulose nanocrystal substrates,” Scientific Reports, vol. 3(1), pp. 1536, 2013. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/srep01536
Y.Zhou, T. M. Khan, J-C. Liu, C. Fuentes-Hernandez, J. W. Shim, E. Najafabadi, J. P. Youngblood, R. J. Moon, and B. Kippelen, “Efficient recyclable organic solar cells on cellulose nanocrystal substrates with a conducting polymer top electrode deposited by film-transfer lamination,” Organic Electronics, vol. 15(3), pp. 661-666, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgel.2013.12.018
W. Hu, S. Chen, Z. Yang, L. Liu, and H. Wang, “Flexible electrically conductive nanocomposite membrane based on bacterial cellulose and polyaniline,” Journal of Physical Chemistry. B, vol. 115(26), pp. 8453-8457, 2011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/jp204422v
J. Chen, J. Xu, K. Wang, X. Qian, and R. Sun, “Highly thermostable, flexible, and conductive films prepared from cellulose, graphite, and polypyrrole nanoparticles,” ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, vol. 7(28), pp. 15641-15648, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5b04462
X. Du, Z. Zhang, W. Liu, and Y. Deng, “Nanocellulose-based conductive materials and their emerging applications in energy devices - A review,” Nano Energy, vol. 35, pp. 299-320, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2017.04.001
H. Kargarzadeh, J. Huang, N. Lin, I. Ahmad, M. Mariano, A. Dufresne, S. Thomas, and A. Galeski, “Recent developments in nanocellulose-based biodegradable polymers, thermoplastic polymers, and porous nanocomposites,” Progres in Polymer Science, vol. 87, pp. 197-227, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2018.07.008
S. Sukhkhawuttigit, S. Ummartyotin, and Y. Infahsaeng, “Conductive composite paper from cellulose fiber by in situ polymerization of pyrrole,” Suan Sunandha Science and Technology Journal, vol. 7(1), pp. 22-29, 2020.
L. Hu, G. Zheng, J. Yao, B. Weil, M. Eskilsson, E. Karabulut, Z. Ruan, S. Fan, J. T. Bloking, M. D. Mcgehee, and L. Wagberg, “Transparent and conductive paper from nanocellulose fibers,” Energy & Environmental Science, vol. 6(2), pp. 513-518, 2013. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/C2EE23635D
H. Qi, B. Schulz, T. Vad, J. Liu, E. Madar, G. Seide, and T. gries, “Novel carbon nanotube/cellulose composite fibers as multifunctional materials,” Apploed Materials & Interfaces, vol. 7(40), pp. 22404-22412, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5b06229
M. M. Hamedi, A. Hajian, A. B. Fall, K. Hakansson, M. Salajkova, F. Lundell, L. Wagberg, and L. A. Berglund, “Highly conducting, strong nanocomposites based on nanocellulose-assisted aqueous dispersions of single-wall carbon nanotubes,” ACS Nano, vol. 8(3), pp. 2467-2476, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/nn4060368
C. Chen, M. Mo, W. Chen, M. Pan, Z. Xu, H. Wang, and D. Li, “Highly conductive nanocomposites based on cellulose nanofiber networks via NaOH treatments,” Composites Science and Technology, vol. 156, pp. 103-108, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2017.12.029
H. Koga, T. Saito, T. Kitaoka, M. Nogi, K. Suganuma, and A. Isogai, “Transparent, conductive, and printable composites consisting of tempo-oxidized nanocellulose and carbon nanotube,” Biomacromolecules, vol. 14(4), pp. 1160-1165, 2013. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/bm400075f
H. Yano, J. Sugiyama, A. N. Nakagaito, M. Nogi, T. Matsuura, M. Hikita, and K. Handa, “Optically transparent composites reinforced with networks of bacterial nanofibers,” Advanced Materials, vol. 17(2), pp. 153-155, 2005. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.200400597
E. R. P. Pinto, H. S. Barud, R. R. Silva, M. Palmieri, W. L. Polito, V. L. Calil, M. Cremona. S. J. L. Ribeiro, and Y. Messaddeq, “Transparent composites prepared from bacterial cellulose and castor oil based polyurethane as substrates for flexible OLEDs,” Journal of Materials Chemistry C, vol. 3(44), pp. 11581-11588, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/C5TC02359A
A. Hadjadj, O. Jbara, A. Tara, M. Gilliot, F. Malek, E. M. Maafi, and L. Tighzert, “Effects of cellulose fiber content on physical properties of polyurethane based composites,” Composite Structures, vol. 135, pp. 217-223, 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2015.09.043
M. Nogi, S. Iwamoto, A. N. Nakagaito, and H. Yano, “Optically transparent nanofiber paper,” Advanced Materials, vol. 21(16), pp. 1595-1598, 2009. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.200803174
S. Zhang, F. Zhang, Y. Pan, L. Jin, B. Liu, Y. Mao, and J. Huang, “Multiwall-carbon-nanotube/cellulose composite fibers with enhanced mechanical and electrical properties by cellulose grafting,” RSC Advances, vol. 8(11), pp. 5678-5684, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/C7RA11304H
C. Pleumphon, S. Thiangtham, C. Pechyen, H. Manuspiya, and S. Ummartyotin, “Development of conductive bacterial cellulose composites: an approach to bio-based substrates for solar cells,” Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy, vol. 11(4), pp. 321-329, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1166/jbmb.2017.1686
G. Chinga, P.O. Johnsen, R. Dougherty, E. L. Berli, and J. Walter, “Quantification of the 3D microstructure of SC surfaces,” Journal of Microscopy, vol. 227(3), pp. 254-265, 2007. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2818.2007.01809.x
A. M. Abdel-karim, A. H. Salama, and M. L. Hassan, “Electrical conductivity and dielectric properties of nanofibrillated cellulose thin films from bagasse,” Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry, vol. 31(9), pp. e3851, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/poc.3851
V. P. Anju, and S. K. Narayanankutty, “Polyaniline coated cellulose fiber/polyvinyl alcohol composites with high dielectric permittivity and low percolation threshold,” AIP Advance, vol. 6(1), pp. 015109, 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4940664
X. Zeng, L. Deng, Y. Yao, R. Sun, J. Xu, and C-P. Wong, “Flexible dielectric papers based on biodegradable cellulose nanofibers and carbon nanotubes for dielectric energy storage,” Jurnal of Materials Chemistry C, vol. 4(25), pp. 6037-6044, 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/C6TC01501H
M. Imai, K. Akiyama, T. Tanaka, and E. Sano, “Highly strong and conductive carbon nanotube/cellulose composite paper,” Composites Science and Technology, vol. 70(10), pp. 1564-1570, 2010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2010.05.023
S. Ummartyotin, J. Juntaro, M. Sain, and H. Manuspiya, “Development of transparent bacterial cellulose nanocomposite film as substrate for flexible organic light emitting diode (OLED) display,”Industrial Crops and Products., vol. 35(1), pp. 92-97, 2012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2011.06.025
J. Keith Nelson, Dielectric Polymer Nanocomposites. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1591-7
H. Koga, M. Nogi, N. Komoda, T. T. Nge, T. Sugahara, and K. Suganuma, “Uniformly connected conductive networks on cellulose nanofiber paper for transparent paper electronics,” NPG Asia Materials., vol. 6(3), pp. e93-e93, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/am.2014.9
Downloads
Additional Files
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
